Literature Review and Case Report: Primary/Tropical Pyomiositis of the Gluteus Muscle in Colombia

Abstract

Introduction: Skin infections can reach deep layers, such as muscle fascia, and are classified into necrotizing fasciitis and pyomyositis. Primary pyomyositis can develop due to hematogenous infection, being rare and its main etiology being S. aureus. The clinical presentation is more common in men and associated with tropical regions.
Case presentation: A 61-year-old diabetic woman presents with a deep infection in the right buttock, with fever and purulent discharge, preceded by a poorly treated ulcer on the finger. The findings suggest necrotizing fasciitis, but primary pyomyositis due to methicillin resistant S. haemolyticus is confirmed, requiring surgical drainage and antibiotic treatment.
Discussion: Pyomyositis is an acute muscle bacterial infection, rarely primary, more common in diabetics. The patient presents a typical clinical course, with risk of systemic complications. Pyomyositis primarily affects large muscles, such as the gluteus, and is mostly caused by S. aureus, but dual infection with coagulase-negative S. may occur.